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Eligible patients had to be on current therapy, defined as at least one asthma prescription during the baseline year. The index prescription was for the initiation of FDC fluticasone�Csalmeterol, with the fluticasone prescribed at either the same or greater dose relative to the baseline ICS (measured as the beclometasone dipropionate-equivalent dose). Patients with a prior prescription for a separate LABA in addition to ICS were find more excluded, as were patients with a diagnostic read code for any chronic respiratory disease other than asthma (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). We required that the period of study for each patient be assessed by the GPRD as up-to-standard for their primary care practice. Permission for use of the data was given by the GPRD Independent Scientific Advisory Committee. The two predefined primary outcome measures were a composite proxy for asthma control and exacerbation rate during the outcome year. The asthma control measure was designed to capture available data indicative of control, in accordance with asthma guidelines and international consensus.29, 30?and?31 Patients with controlled asthma were defined as meeting all of the following during the outcome year: 1. no recorded hospital attendance for asthma including admission, emergency attendance, out-of-hours attendance, or outpatient department attendance, and Any patient not meeting these three criteria was defined as having uncontrolled asthma. An exacerbation was defined as learn more an unscheduled hospital admission or emergency department attendance for asthma or acute use of oral corticosteroids. Secondary outcome measures studied over 1 year after the index date included another composite measure��treatment success��defined as no exacerbation and no change in therapy, where a change in therapy could be any of the following: 1. an increase in dose of ICS, We assessed adherence as the percentage of medication issued relative to the amount that should have been issued over the year according to the initial prescribing Sitaxentan instructions. All analyses took account of confounding variables using multiple regression methods. Data were analysed using SPSS version 17 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois, USA), STATA version 11 (StataCorp LP, College Station, Texas, USA), and SAS version 9.2 (SAS Software, Ltd, Marlow, Buckinghamshire, UK). Differences in outcomes between cohorts were considered significant if p?<?0.05 and as trends if 0.05?��?p?<?0.10. Baseline characteristics were compared between unmatched treatment cohorts using the Mann�CWhitney test for continuous data and ��2 test for categorical variables. Baseline differences between treatment cohorts were considered possibly important if p?<?0.10. Variables meeting this criterion were examined for collinearity as well as clinical importance to select those used for regression modelling on outcomes.</div>